Pneumococcal Vaccination Recommendations for Children and Adults by Age and/or Risk Factor1
常规建议
用于肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV13）和肺炎球菌多糖疫苗（PPSV23）
| 适合65岁及以上的成年人 | 在65岁时给予1剂PPSV23。然而，如果PCV13在65岁时基于医疗保健提供者和患者之间共享的临床决策进行接种，则将PPSV23推迟到PCV13后1年2 |
| 适合2个月及以上的儿童 | 从2个月开始对所有儿童实施PCV13系列，然后在4个月、6个月和12-15个月时给予剂量（加强剂量）。 |
基于风险的建议
患有潜在疾病或其他危险因素的人
| PCV13 | PPSV23 | |||||
| 风险群体 | 潜在的医疗状况或其他危险因素 | 71个月龄前完成儿童系列所需的PCV13剂量 | 在儿童期未接种PCV13人，在6至18岁接种1剂 | 给19岁及以上的未接种PCV13人接种1剂 | 在2岁至64岁时接种1剂PPSV23 | 如果年龄小于65岁，在第一次注射5年后再接种第二剂PPSV23 |
| 有免疫力 | 慢性心脏病3 | X | X | |||
| 慢性肺病4 | X | X | ||||
| 糖尿病 | X | X | ||||
| 脑脊液漏 | X | X | X | X | ||
| 耳蜗植入物 | X | X | X | X | ||
| 酗酒、慢性肝病、肝硬化（6岁及以上） | X | |||||
| 吸烟者(19岁及以上） | X | |||||
| 功能性或解剖性脾脏 | 镰状细胞病/其他血红蛋白病 | X | X | X | X | X |
| 先天性或获得性脾脏 | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 免疫系统受损伤 | 先天性或获得性免疫缺陷5 | X | X | X | X | X |
| HIV | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 慢性肾功能衰竭 | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 肾病综合征 | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 白血病 | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 淋巴瘤 | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 霍奇金病 | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 全身性恶性肿瘤 | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 医源性免疫抑制6 | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 实体器官移植 | X | X | X | X | X | |
| 多发性骨髓瘤 | X | X | X | X | X | |
immunization action coalition
lAC
immunize. org
| 1 Complete information on pneumococcal vaccine recom- mendations can be found at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/ acip-recs/vacc-specific/pneumo.html 2. PCV13 is no longer routinely recommended for adults age 65 years and older. However, PCV13 may be given at this age based on shared clinical decision-making between the pro- vider and patient. See ACIP recommendations (www.cdc.gov/ mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6846a5.htm) for details. | 3 Particularly cyanotic congenital heart disease and cardiac failure in children; including congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy in all ages; excluding hypertension in adults. 4 Including asthma in children if treated with high-dose oral corticosteroid therapy, as well as chronic obstructive pulmo- nary disease (COPD), emphysema, and asthma in adults. | 5 Includes B- (humoral) or T-lymphocyte deficiency, complement deficiencies (particularly C1, C2, C3,and C4 deficiencies), and phagocytic disorders (excluding chronic granulomatous disease). 6 Diseases requiring treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, including long-term systemic corticosteroids and radiation therapy. |
Saint Paul, Minnesota • 651-647-9009 • www.immunize.org • www.vaccineinformation.org
www.immunize.org/catg.d/p2019.pdf • Item #P2019 (10/20)
